ESMO 2021: Anticancer Vaccine Under Study in HLA-A2–Positive Lung Cancer
Posted: Friday, October 8, 2021
OSE-2101 is an anticancer vaccine targeting HLA-A2–positive non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) from five different tumor-associated antigens. When given to patients whose disease was resistant to immune checkpoint inhibition, OSE-2101 was associated with an improvement in the hazard ratio for overall survival when compared with the standard of care. Benjamin Besse, MD, of the Institute Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France, presented these results from the phase III Atalante-1 trial during the European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) Congress 2021 (Abstract LBA47).
The trial enrolled 219 patients with EGFR- and ALK-negative NSCLC. Patients were randomly assigned 2:1 to receive either OSE-2101 or the standard of care (docetaxel or pemetrexed every 3 weeks). Patients who received the vaccine underwent six cycles of subcutaneous injection, followed by maintenance injections every 8 weeks for 1 year, then injections every 12 weeks until disease progression. The population of interest in this study consisted of patients who had resistance to immunotherapy, defined as failure of therapy after a minimum of 12 weeks on immunotherapy in sequential chemotherapy-immunotherapy regimens.
Among the 118 patients (54% of the total) who met the definition for population of interest, the median overall survival was 11.1 months in the group receiving OSE-2101 and 7.5 months in the standard-of-care group (hazard ratio = 0.59, P = .02). The objective response rate was 8% among the patients receiving the vaccine and 18% among those receiving standard chemotherapy (P = .07). The post-progression survival was 7.7 months and 4.6 months (hazard ratio = 0.46, P = .004) in the experimental and control groups, respectively. In the total study population, the hazard ratio for overall survival was 0.86 (P = .36).
Quality-of-life scores, as measured by Global Health Status, were maintained among the population receiving OSE-2101. Severe adverse events were noted in 38% of the group given the vaccine and in 68% of those given the standard of care. No new treatment-emergent adverse events of concern were noted in the OSE-2101 group.
Disclosure: For a full list of authors’ disclosures, visit oncologypro.esmo.org.
